Planted Forests and Trees Working Paper FP29

THE NETHERLANDS TRUST FUND SUPPORT TO SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT IN LOW FOREST COVER COUNTRIES

ROLE OF PLANTED FORESTS AND TREES OUTSIDE FORESTS IN SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT:

REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA COUNTRY CASE STUDY

by
I. Thomas and M. Bekele

October 2003

Disclaimer

The Planted Forests and Trees Working Paper, report on issues and activities in planted forests. These working papers do not reflect any official position of FAO. Please refer to the FAO website (http://www.fao.org/forestry) for official information.

The purpose of these papers is to provide early release of information on on-going activities and programmes, and to stimulate discussion.

Comments and feedback are welcome.

For further information please contact:

Mr. Jim Carle, Senior Forestry Officer (Plantations and Protection)
Forest Resources Development Service
Forest Resources Division
Forestry Department
FAO
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
I-00100 Rome (Italy)
e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]

For quotation:
FAO (2003). Role of Planted Forests and Trees Outside Forests in Sustainable Forest Management in the Republic of Ethiopia, by I. Thomas and M. Bekele. Planted Forests and Trees Working Papers, Working Paper 29. Forest Resources Development Service, Forest Resources Division. FAO, Rome (unpublished).

©FAO 2003

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

1. GENERAL OVERVIEW

1.1 BACKGROUND SETTING

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.2.1 Geology and soil
1.2.2 Climate
1.2.3 Biological resources
1.2.4 Water and land resources

1.3 HUMAN FACTORS: SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
1.3.1 Population, Demography
1.3.2 Economic overview

1.4 FOOD SECURITY AND CONSUMPTION TRENDS
1.4.1 Food security
1.4.2 Trends in food consumption

2. FOREST RESOURCES: CURRENT STATUS AND MANAGEMENT

2.1 FOREST INVENTORY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS

2.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOREST ESTATE
2.2.1 Total forest estate
2.2.2 Natural forests
2.2.3 Planted forests
2.2.4 Trees outside forests

2.3 TOOL BOX FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
2.3.1 Criteria and indicators for sustainable management
2.3.2 Management Planning and harvesting practice

2.4 FOREST PRODUCTION AND FOREST INDUSTRIES
2.4.1 Wood products
2.4.2 Fuel-wood and charcoal
2.4.3 Non-Wood Forest Products

2.5 STATUS OF FOREST INDUSTRIES
2.5.1 Present state of forest products’ industries
2.5.2 State of supply and demand of forest products

2.6 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF FORESTS
2.6.1 Forestry’s economic and social contribution
2.6.2 Forestry’s relative contribution to employment and revenue generation
2.6.3 Other social functions of forestry, including food security

2.7 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES OF FORESTS
2.7.1 Biodiversity conservation
2.7.2 Soil and water protection
2.7.3 Other values

3. THE FORESTRY SECTOR

3.1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF FORESTRY

3.2 FORESTRY PLANNING AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK
3.2.1 Central planning mechanisms
3.2.2 Decentralized planning
3.2.3 Legal, customary and regulatory instruments

3.3 EXTERNAL SUPPORT AND INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS
3.3.1 International multilateral support
3.3.2 Bilateral support

3.4 NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES
3.4.1 Country vision
3.4.2 Strategies and policies
3.4.3 Formally planned commitments
3.4.4 National capacity

4. THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION

4.1 INDIRECT CAUSES

4.2 DIRECT CAUSES
4.2.1 Natural causes
4.2.1 Causes linked to human activity

4.3 EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION AND OF FOREST & RANGE DEGRADATION
4.3.1 Loss of land productivity
4.3.2 Resource base degradation and decline

5. STATUS OF KNOWLEDGE

5.1 LESSONS LEARNED

5.2 GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE
5.2.1 Extent of desertification
5.2.2 Consequences of desertification
5.2.3 Capturing farmers' experience, technical and managerial skills
5.2.4 Initiating full participation
5.2.5 Establishing decentralized statistical planning databases

6. RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1 CONCLUSIONS

6.2 ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS

REFERENCES

ANNEXES